Phrasal Verbs

Uma das maiores dificuldades que qualquer estrangeiro tem em aprender o inglês dos norte-americanos é em relação aos Phrasal Verbs.

O que são eles?

Phrasal Verbs são verbos especiais em inglês que, geralmente, são compostos por mais de uma palavra e não seguem uma tradução ao pé da letra para o português. Os phrasal verbs tornam a linguagem inglesa um pouco mais informal, e estão presentes em diversas situações do dia a dia. Aprendendo a usá-los seu vocabulário fica muito mais rico, e também fica mais fácil entender várias expressões  cotidianas. Aqui vai uma lista com alguns dos mais utilizados, para que vocês comecem a se acostumar com eles (or get used to them):

     Ask out: ask someone to go on a date
     Bring about: cause
     Bring up: mention or introduce a topic
     Call back: return a telephone call
     Call in: ask to come to an official place for a special reason
     Call off: cancel
     Call on: 1) visit 2) ask a student a question in class
     Call up: call on the telephone
     Catch up (with): reach the same position or level as someone
     Check in: register at a hotel or airport
     Check into: investigate
     Check out: 1) borrow a book from a library 2) investigate
     Cheer up: make (someone) feel happier
     Clean up: make clean and orderly
     Come across: find by chance
     Cross out: draw a line through
     Cut out: stop an annoying activity
     Do over: repeat
     Drop by: visit informally
     Drop in (on): visit informally
     Drop off: leave something/someone somewhere
     Drop out (of): stop going to school or class
     Figure out: find the answer by logic
     Fill out: complete a form
     Find out: discover information
     Get along (with): to have a good relationship with
     Get back (from): 1) return from somewhere 2) receive again
     Get in, get into: 1) enter a car 2) arrive
     Get off: leave any vehicle
     Get on: enter any vehicle
     Get out of: 1) leave a car 2) avoid some unpleasant activity
     Get over: recover from an illness
     Get through: finish
     Get up: arise from bed, a chair etc.
     Give back: return something to someone
     Give up: stop doing something
     Go over: review or check
     Grow up: become an adult
     Hand in: submit an assignment
     Hang up: 1) stop a telephone conversation 2) put up clothes on a line or a hook
     Have on: wear
     Keep out (of): not enter
     Keep up (with): stay at the same position or level
     Kick out (of): force (someone) to leave
     Look after: take care of
     Look into: investigate
     Look out (for): be careful
     Look over: review or check
     Look up: look for information in a reference book
     Make up: 1) invent 2) do past work
     Name after: give a baby the name of someone else
     Pass away: die
     Pass out: 1) distribute 2) lose consciousness
     Pick out: select
     Pick up: 1) go to get someone 2) take in one’s hand
     Point out: call someone’s attention to
     Put away: remove to an appropriate place
     Put back: return to original position
     Put off: postpone
     Put on: dress
     Put out: extinguish a cigarette, fire
     Put up with: tolerate
     Run into: meet by chance
     Run across: find by chance
     Run out (of): finish a supply of something
     Show up: appear, come to
     Shut off: stop a machine, equipment, light etc.
     Take after: resemble
     Take off: 1) remove clothing 2) leave on a trip 3) leave the ground (aeroplane)
     Take out: 1) take someone on a date 2) remove
     Take over: take control
     Take up: begin a new activity
     Tear down: demolish, reduce to nothing
     Tear up: tear into many little pieces
     Think over: consider
     Throw away: discard; get rid of
     Throw out: discard; get rid of
     Throw up: vomit
     Try on: put on clothing to see if it fits
     Turn down: decrease volume
     Turn in: 1) submit classwork 2) go to bed
     Turn off: stop a machine, equipment, light etc.
     Turn on: start a machine, equipment, light etc.
     Turn out: extinguish a light
     Turn up: increase volume or intensity